Stress coping strategies of teenagers who engage in various types of physical activity

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Details: Category: 2025, Volume 21; 18 December 2025; Hits: 220

Katarzyna Kotarska¹, Marek Kolbowicz¹, Leonard Nowak¹ , Celina Timoszyk-Tomczak² , Michalina Kuska³, Maria Alicja Nowak¹

¹ Department of Physical Culture and Health, University of Szczecin, Poland
² Department of Health Sciences and Physical Culture, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
³ Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Poland

Author for correspondence: wpisz: Send to: Maria Alicja Nowak, Department of Physical Culture and Health, University of Szczecin, Al. Piastów 40 B, bud. 6, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland

Katarzyna Kotarska:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5679-3466

Marek Kolbowicz: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8248-7964

Celina Timoszyk-Tomczak: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-0476

Michalina Kuska: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-2142

Leonard Nowak: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8435-2668

Maria Alicja Nowak: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4682-7356

Abstract

Background and Study Aim: The global COVID-19 pandemic has had adverse effects on the mental and physical well-being of individuals worldwide, particularly children and teenagers and adolescents. Experiencing anxiety by children and adolescents who are exposed to multiple long-term stressors during developmentally sensitive periods poses a serious threat to their health. . The impact of physical activity on physical, mental and social health has been confirmed in scientific research. These dimensions are interrelated, and changes in one element affect the others. This study aims to identify the preferred stress coping strategies used by adolescents engaging in various forms of physical activity, in the context of promoting a healthy lifestyle.

Material and Methods: The study involved 462 adolescents, aged 14-17 (mean age 15.2 ±1.1 years). Respondents regularly practiced various individual sports (IS), including combat sports (CS), team sports (TS), physical recreation (PR), and exercising occasionally (PP). A standardized questionnaire “How do you cope? (HDC) and an original survey questionnaire were used. Non-parametric statistics were applied.

Results: Teenagers most often experienced problems related to maintaining relationships with peers (59.5%), mental health (32%) physical health (11%), and insufficient contact with teachers (39%). Adolescents used similar ways of coping with difficult situations in both strategies: dispositional (standard situation) and situational (problems indicated by the teenagers) (rs = 0.501). In the dispositional strategy, active coping with stress (p<0.01) and seeking social support (p<0.05) were more frequently used by teenagers practicing individual sports compared to those engaged in team sports. In both strategies (dispositional and situational), a lower intensity of emotion-focused coping was observed among adolescents participating in team sports (TS) compared to the remaining respondents (CS, IS, PR, PP) (p <0.001).

Conclusions: The problems indicated by teenagers prompx the search for solutions that could support them in coping with difficult situations. In the post-pandemic period, there is a need to strengthen social bonds, teach stress management skills, and recreate situations that foster the fulfilment of teenagers’ developmental needs. Raising awareness among physical education teachers, instructors, sports coaches, and parents about the ways in which young people can address their perceived problems may help reduce stress. Mandatory health education and the promotion of physical activity should serve as effective means of supporting teenagers in coping with stress.

Keywords: combat sports, individual sports, physical recreation, questionnaire HDC, team sports

AMA

Kotarska K, Kolbowicz M, Nowak L, Timoszyk-Tomczak C, Kuska M, Nowak MA. Stress coping strategies of teenagers who engage in various types of physical activity. Arch Budo J Innov Agon. 2025;21.

APA

Kotarska, K., Kolbowicz, M., Nowak, L., Timoszyk-Tomczak, C., Kuska, M., & Nowak, M. A. (2025). Stress coping strategies of teenagers who engage in various types of physical activity. Arch Budo Journal of Innovation Agonology, 21.

Chicago

Kotarska, Katarzyna, Marek Kolbowicz, Leonard Nowak, Celina Timoszyk-Tomczak, Michalina Kuska, and Maria Alicja Nowak. 2025. “Stress Coping Strategies of Teenagers Who Engage in Various Types of Physical Activity.” Arch Budo Journal of Innovation Agonology 21.

Harvard

Kotarska, K., Kolbowicz, M., Nowak, L., Timoszyk-Tomczak, C., Kuska, M. & Nowak, M.A. (2025). Stress coping strategies of teenagers who engage in various types of physical activity. Arch Budo Journal of Innovation Agonology, 21.

MLA

Kotarska, Katarzyna, et al. “Stress Coping Strategies of Teenagers Who Engage in Various Types of Physical Activity.” Arch Budo Journal of Innovation Agonology, vol. 21, 2025.

Vancouver

Kotarska K, Kolbowicz M, Nowak L, Timoszyk-Tomczak C, Kuska M, Nowak MA. Stress coping strategies of teenagers who engage in various types of physical activity. Arch Budo J Innov Agon. 2025;21.

OUR POLICY

Mission of ARCHBUDO

The specific mission of the Archives of Budo 2023 is to strive for a breakthrough in public perception of a broad class of combat sports and martial arts as specific means of innovative agonology.