The effect of complete fasting on urinary oxidative stress indicators in middle-aged individuals

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Details: Category: 2025, Volume 21; 31 December 2025; Hits: 213

Petr Valach¹, Piotr Jan Bramora², Paweł Dolibog³, Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka⁴, Vera Knappova¹, Rafał Tabęcki⁵, Marek Kruszewski⁵, Anna Pilis⁶

¹ University of West Bohemia, Faculty of Education, Center of Physical Education and Sport,
Pilsen, Czechia;
² Jan Dlugosz University, W. Bieganski Collegium Medicum, Department of Physiology,
Neurophysiology with the Laboratory of Psychiatry, Czestochowa, Poland;
³ Medical University of Silesia, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Biophysics,
Zabrze, Poland;
⁴ Medical University of Silesia, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry,
Zabrze, Poland;
⁵ Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Department of Individual Sports, Warsaw, Poland
⁶ Jan Dlugosz University, W. Bieganski Collegium Medicum, Department of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Czestochowa, Poland;

Author for correspondence: wpisz: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Petr Valach: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-313X

Piotr Bramora: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9235-3174

Paweł Dolibog: : https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-5162

Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka: : https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3879-6548

Vera Knappova: : https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1646-607X

Rafał Tabęcki: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-7271

Marek Kruszewski: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9476-0016

Anna Pilis: : https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5022-6820

Abstract

Background and Study Aim: Fasting as a metabolic intervention is gaining popularity, yet the impact of multi-day food deprivation on redox homeostasis remains understudied. The aim of this case study was knowledge about impact of an 8-day fast on selected urinary markers of oxidative stress and renal function in trained, middle-aged individuals.

Material and Methods: Six healthy, regularly training individuals participated in the study: 4 men and 2 women aged 45–60. Participants underwent an 8-day, supervised fast. Morning urine and blood samples were collected before and immediately after the intervention, and body composition analysis was performed. Protein concentration, total oxidative status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the activity of key antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its isoforms (CuZnSOD, MnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were determined. Changes in body weight and composition, as well as serum cortisol (C) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) levels, were also analyzed.

Results: Statistically significant increases in urinary protein concentration (p<0.05), TOS (p<0.05), MDA (p<0.05), and CuZnSOD activity (p<0.05) were observed. Cohen's d effect size analysis confirmed a large or very large magnitude of these changes (d: 1.54, 2.52, 0.90, and 2.42, respectively). No statistically significant changes were observed in CAT, SOD, MnSOD, GPx, GST activity, or TAC values. The intervention also resulted in significant increases in serum C (p<0.01) and β-HB (p<0.001) concentrations.

Conclusions: 8-day fasting in trained middle-aged men and women induces a state of increased oxidative stress and proteinuria, indicating significant metabolic and renal burden. The antioxidant system's response is selective and non compensatory, suggesting a potential pro-oxidant redox imbalance. These results, although based on a small sample, provide evidence of the complex metabolic effects of long-term fasting and emphasize the need for a cautious approach to its use.

Keywords: antioxidant response, food deprivation, protein concentration, proteinuria, redox balance,

AMA

Valach P, Bramora PJ, Dolibog P, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Knappova V, Tabęcki R, Kruszewski M, Pilis A. The effect of complete fasting on urinary oxidative stress indicators in middle-aged individuals – preliminary studies. Arch Budo J Inn Agon. 2025;21.

APA
Valach, P., Bramora, P. J., Dolibog, P., Zalejska-Fiolka, J., Knappova, V., Tabęcki, R., Kruszewski, M., & Pilis, A. (2025). The effect of complete fasting on urinary oxidative stress indicators in middle-aged individuals – preliminary studies. Archives of Budo: Journal of Innovative Agonology, 21.

Chicago
Valach, Petr, Piotr Jan Bramora, Paweł Dolibog, Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka, Vera Knappova, Rafał Tabęcki, Marek Kruszewski, and Anna Pilis. 2025. “The Effect of Complete Fasting on Urinary Oxidative Stress Indicators in Middle-Aged Individuals – Preliminary Studies”. Archives of Budo: Journal of Innovative Agonology 21.

Harvard
Valach, P., Bramora, P.J., Dolibog, P., Zalejska-Fiolka, J., Knappova, V., Tabęcki, R., Kruszewski, M. and Pilis, A. (2025) ‘The effect of complete fasting on urinary oxidative stress indicators in middle-aged individuals – preliminary studies’, Archives of Budo: Journal of Innovative Agonology, 21.

MLA
Valach, Petr, et al. “The Effect of Complete Fasting on Urinary Oxidative Stress Indicators in Middle-Aged Individuals – Preliminary Studies.” Archives of Budo: Journal of Innovative Agonology, vol. 21, 2025.

Vancouver
Valach P, Bramora PJ, Dolibog P, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Knappova V, Tabęcki R, Kruszewski M, Pilis A. The effect of complete fasting on urinary oxidative stress indicators in middle-aged individuals – preliminary studies. Arch Budo J Inn Agon. 2025;21.

OUR POLICY

Mission of ARCHBUDO

The specific mission of the Archives of Budo 2023 is to strive for a breakthrough in public perception of a broad class of combat sports and martial arts as specific means of innovative agonology.